Zika Virus NS1 Control Antigen BA149R01

Additional Information:
targetZika Virus NS1|species reactivityZika Virus|applicationsELISA|assay typeIndirect & quantitative|available size1 mg|Zika Virus NS1 Control Antigen BA149R01kitAssay typeImmunoassayResearch areaInfectious DiseaseStorageStore at -65C. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. Sonicate before use.FormliquidAssociated productsZika Virus NS1 Control Antigen (BA149R01)Zika Virus Human IgA Assay Control (BC149A)Zika Virus Human IgG Assay Control (BC149G)Zika Virus Human IgM Assay Control (BC149M)Zika Virus IgA ELISA Kit (ESR149A)Zika Virus IgG ELISA Kit (ESR149G)Zika Virus IgM ELISA Kit (ESR149M)target relevanceOrganismZika VirusStructure and strainsZika virus is a member of the virus family Flaviviridae. It is spread by daytime-active Aedes mosquitoes, such as A. aegypti and A. albopictus. Its name comes from the Ziika Forest of Uganda, where the virus was first isolated in 1947. Zika virus shares a genus with the dengue, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile viruses. Since the 1950s, it has been known to occur within a narrow equatorial belt from Africa to Asia. From 2007 to 2016, the virus spread eastward, across the Pacific Ocean to the Americas, leading to the 2015 2016 Zika virus epidemic.DiseaseThe single-stranded RNA Zika Virus is a member of the family Flaviviridae. Two lineages of the Zika virus have been identified which comprise the African lineage and the Asian lineage. The genome consists of approximately 11 kb and encodes three structural (C, prM and E) and seven non-structural (NS1, NS2a, NS2b, NS3, NS4a, NS4b and NS5) proteins. Zika virus disease is caused by the Zika virus which is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes and mainly Aedes aegypti. Further, prenatal transmissions of the virus from pregnant women to the fetus, transmissions by sexual intercourse and blood transfusion are of high importance. The WHO estimates up to 4 million Zika virus infections in North-, Central- and South-America during the year 2016. It is estimated that up to 2.17 billion people live in areas prone to Zika virus transmission. Zika virus was first identified in 1947 in a rhesus macaque in the Zika forest in Uganda. A first major outbreak was described in 2007 in Micronesia. The incubation period is 3-12 days. In approximately 80% Zika virus infections remain asymptomatic. If symptoms occur, the disease (Zika fever) is similar to Dengue fever, but with a milder course and can include fever, maculapapular rash, headache, arthralgia, myalgia and conjunctivitis. Further, it has been observed that a Zika virus infection can cause an increased risk for developing a Guillain-Barre-Syndrom (GBS). In case of infections of pregnant women the virus can be transmitted to the unborn child and the fetal infection can correlate with malformations. Symptoms with connatal infections also comprise a reduced growth, microcephaly, neurological symptoms and CNS lesions as well as fetal loss. The risk of fetal malformation seems higher if the infection of the mother occurred in the first trimester.Detection and diagnosisThe direct pathogen detection via reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR is recommended during the first seven days of symptom onset. Approximately 7 days after onset of symptoms viremia decreases rapidly. In consequence a negative PCR result should be interpreted with caution and does not exclude an infection. Thereafter, serology is the preferred method with a focus on detection of IgA and IgM antibodies. Wherever possible paired serum samples should be collected. Rise of Zika virus specific IgG antibodies is delayed by a few days compared to IgA and IgM antibodies and are believed to persist lifelong. Due to the high similarities of antigens between the flaviviridae (e.g. West Nile Virus, Dengue Virus, Yellow fever), cross reactivities have to be considered. As similar symptoms are shared between the infections of flaviviruses the interpretation of serological results should also take into account an intensive anamnesis including past journeys, infections and vaccinations.|