**Background** The transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) signaling pathway plays a critical role in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and development. A key component of this pathway is the Smad family…
**Background** The human formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL-1), also known as FPR2, is a G protein-coupled receptor expressed on various immune cells, including neutrophils and monocytes. This receptor plays a…
**Background** Hypertension and various malignancies, including leukemia and cervical cancer, often involve complex dysregulation of gene expression and inflammatory responses. In cancer, the silencing of tumor suppressor genes via DNA…
**Background** The complement system is a critical component of the innate immune system, playing a vital role in pathogen clearance and inflammatory responses. However, dysregulation of this system can lead…
**Background** Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a potent signaling lipid that plays a critical role in regulating various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, migration, and lymphocyte trafficking. The levels of S1P…
The biological degradation of lignin-derived dimers remains a critical bottleneck in sustainable biorefining. While pathways for common linkages such as β-O-4 and 5-5 have been extensively characterized, the catabolism of…
The longevity of dental restorations hinges on the stability and durability of the resin-dentin bond, which is often compromised by hydrolytic degradation, enzymatic breakdown, and mineral loss at the interface.…
The long-term viability of atmospheric water harvesting systems hinges on the durability, reusability, and consistent performance of desiccant materials under repeated adsorption–regeneration cycles. This study investigates the stability and recyclability…
A novel single-tungsten-atom-modified cotton fabric (STAC) has been engineered through a direct-dye hydrothermal method, enabling the stable integration of isolated tungsten atoms onto cellulose fibers with exceptional functional performance. The…
The anodic oxidation/in-situ peroxone (ORR-EO) process was systematically optimized to achieve efficient triclosan (TCS) degradation under varying operational parameters, including pH, current density, and initial TCS concentration. Experiments were conducted…