R, C.J.; Poisal, J.A.; Cuckler, G.A.; Madison, A.J.; Lisovitz, J.M.; Smith, S.D. National health spending projections through 2020: Economic recovery and reform drive faster spending growth. Health Aff. 2011, 30, 1594?605.J. Pers. Med. 2013,21. Callahan, D. What Kind of Life: The Limits of Medical Progress; Simon Schuster: New York, NY, USA, 1990; Chapter 2. 22. American Heart Association Statistics Committee. Heart disease and stroke statistics–2012 update: A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2012, 125, e2 220 23. Siegal, R.; Naishadham, D.; Jemal, A. Cancer statistics, 2013. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2013, 63, 11?0. 24. Wildavsky, A. Doing better and feeling worse: The political pathology of health policy. Daedalus 1977, 106, 105?23. 25. Fojo, T.; Parkinson, D.R. Biologically targeted cancer therapy and marginal benefits: Are we making too much of too little or are we achieving too little by giving too much? Clin. Cancer Res. 2010, 16, 5972?980. 26. MacReady, N. The climbing costs of cancer care. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2011, 103, 1433?435. 27. Elkin, E.B.; Bach, P.B. Cancer`s next frontier: Addressing high and ML240MedChemExpress ML240 increasing costs. JAMA 2010, 303, 1086?087. 28. Cohen, J.; Looney, W. What is the value of oncology medicines? Nat. Biotechnol. 2010, 28, 1160?163. 29. Fojo, T.; Grady, C. How much is life worth: Non-small cell lung cancer, and the 440 billion question. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2009, 101, 1044?048. 30. Fleck, L.M. Last chance therapies: Can a just and caring society do health care rationing when life itself is at stake? Yale J. Health Policy Law Ethics 2002, 2, 255?98. 31. Daniels, N.; Sabin, J.E. Last chance therapies and managed care: Pluralism, fair procedures, and legitimacy. Hastings Cent. Rep. 1998, 28, 27?1. 32. Calabresi, G.; Bobbitt, P. Tragic Choices; W.W. Norton and Company: New York, NY, USA, 1978. 33. Bock, C.; Lengauer, T. Managing drug resistance in cancer: Lessons from HIV therapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2012, 12, 494?01. 34. Ubel, P. Why It’s Time for Health Care Rationing; MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2000. 35. Callahan, D. False Hopes: Why America’s Quest for Perfect Health is a Recipe for Failure; Simon Schuster: New York, NY, USA, 1998. 36. Daniels, N. Just Health: Meeting Health Needs Fairly; Cambridge University Press: New York, NY, USA, 2008. 37. Newdick, C. Who EnzastaurinMedChemExpress Enzastaurin Should We Treat? Rights, Rationing, and Resources in the NHS, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK, 2005. 38. Engelhardt, H.T. The Foundations of Bioethics, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, 1996. 39. Institute of Medicine. America’s Uninsured Crisis: Consequences for Health and Health Care; The National Academies Press: Washington, D.C., USA, 2009. 40. Eddy, D.M. Clinical Decision Making: From Theory to Practice; Jones and Bartlett: Boston, MA, USA, 1996. 41. Veatch, R.M. The Foundations of Justice: Why the Retarded and the Rest of Us Have Claims to Equality; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, 1986. 42. Harris, J. The Value of Life; Routledge Kegan Paul: London, UK, 1985. 43. Dworkin, R. Sovereign Virtue: The Theory and Practice of Equality; Harvard University Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2000.J. Pers. Med. 2013,44. Christiano, T. The Constitution of Equality: Democratic Authority and Its Limits; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, 2008. 45. Rawls, J. A Theory of Justice; Harvard University Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 1971. 46. Konski, A. The war on cancer: Progress at what price? J. Clin. On.R, C.J.; Poisal, J.A.; Cuckler, G.A.; Madison, A.J.; Lisovitz, J.M.; Smith, S.D. National health spending projections through 2020: Economic recovery and reform drive faster spending growth. Health Aff. 2011, 30, 1594?605.J. Pers. Med. 2013,21. Callahan, D. What Kind of Life: The Limits of Medical Progress; Simon Schuster: New York, NY, USA, 1990; Chapter 2. 22. American Heart Association Statistics Committee. Heart disease and stroke statistics–2012 update: A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2012, 125, e2 220 23. Siegal, R.; Naishadham, D.; Jemal, A. Cancer statistics, 2013. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2013, 63, 11?0. 24. Wildavsky, A. Doing better and feeling worse: The political pathology of health policy. Daedalus 1977, 106, 105?23. 25. Fojo, T.; Parkinson, D.R. Biologically targeted cancer therapy and marginal benefits: Are we making too much of too little or are we achieving too little by giving too much? Clin. Cancer Res. 2010, 16, 5972?980. 26. MacReady, N. The climbing costs of cancer care. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2011, 103, 1433?435. 27. Elkin, E.B.; Bach, P.B. Cancer`s next frontier: Addressing high and increasing costs. JAMA 2010, 303, 1086?087. 28. Cohen, J.; Looney, W. What is the value of oncology medicines? Nat. Biotechnol. 2010, 28, 1160?163. 29. Fojo, T.; Grady, C. How much is life worth: Non-small cell lung cancer, and the 440 billion question. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2009, 101, 1044?048. 30. Fleck, L.M. Last chance therapies: Can a just and caring society do health care rationing when life itself is at stake? Yale J. Health Policy Law Ethics 2002, 2, 255?98. 31. Daniels, N.; Sabin, J.E. Last chance therapies and managed care: Pluralism, fair procedures, and legitimacy. Hastings Cent. Rep. 1998, 28, 27?1. 32. Calabresi, G.; Bobbitt, P. Tragic Choices; W.W. Norton and Company: New York, NY, USA, 1978. 33. Bock, C.; Lengauer, T. Managing drug resistance in cancer: Lessons from HIV therapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2012, 12, 494?01. 34. Ubel, P. Why It’s Time for Health Care Rationing; MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2000. 35. Callahan, D. False Hopes: Why America’s Quest for Perfect Health is a Recipe for Failure; Simon Schuster: New York, NY, USA, 1998. 36. Daniels, N. Just Health: Meeting Health Needs Fairly; Cambridge University Press: New York, NY, USA, 2008. 37. Newdick, C. Who Should We Treat? Rights, Rationing, and Resources in the NHS, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK, 2005. 38. Engelhardt, H.T. The Foundations of Bioethics, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, 1996. 39. Institute of Medicine. America’s Uninsured Crisis: Consequences for Health and Health Care; The National Academies Press: Washington, D.C., USA, 2009. 40. Eddy, D.M. Clinical Decision Making: From Theory to Practice; Jones and Bartlett: Boston, MA, USA, 1996. 41. Veatch, R.M. The Foundations of Justice: Why the Retarded and the Rest of Us Have Claims to Equality; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, 1986. 42. Harris, J. The Value of Life; Routledge Kegan Paul: London, UK, 1985. 43. Dworkin, R. Sovereign Virtue: The Theory and Practice of Equality; Harvard University Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2000.J. Pers. Med. 2013,44. Christiano, T. The Constitution of Equality: Democratic Authority and Its Limits; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, 2008. 45. Rawls, J. A Theory of Justice; Harvard University Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 1971. 46. Konski, A. The war on cancer: Progress at what price? J. Clin. On.