In line with the new Electrical energy Balancing Guideline proposed by ENTSO-E. Changes happen to be proposed for the aFRR [26], mFRR [27], RR solutions and the further upward reserve. The new operational procedures can be identified in Spanish in [25]. Together with the new changes, as of November 2019, the more upward reserve is no longer procured. If an more reserve is necessary, it will be resolved with the support of other products in real-time [28]. The deviation management item was the equivalent of RR. It has been officially changed to RR in December 2019 [25]. Some traits happen to be kept temporarily till the solution fully evolves to match the ENTSO-E recommendations. 4.three.6. Procurement and Remuneration The FCR in Spain, similarly to Portugal, is often a non-remunerated mandatory service and also the aFRR, mFRR, and RR solutions and extra upward reserve are procured by way of industry arrangements. The needs for aFRR reserves in each upward and downward directions are published by REE each day for every hour from the next day. The bids submitted by the suppliers are assigned based around the criterion of minimum expense and paid as outlined by the marginal value of the aFRR regulation band for every single hour. The remuneration Saccharin sodium Description process consists of two payments: Racementhol Description availability (aFRR capacity) and (aFRR energy) [25]. The utilized energy in real-time is then remunerated in the marginal price with the mFRR energy necessary to replace the net energy usage of aFRR in both upward and downward directions [25]. For mFRR, the bidding in both upward and downward directions is mandatory for the units that are licensed for the provision of this service. The bids are selected primarily based on the minimum cost. The payments are carried out for applied energy at a marginal value for upward and downward directions [25]. Primarily based on the new operational process, the procurement of RR is set to be carried out by way of a frequent European platform, where REE has to submit the system needs as well as the bids for RR for both up and down regulation. The bids are chosen based around the marginal price tag. The payments are carried out at a marginal price tag for upward and downward directions [25] . 4.4. Nordic Synchronous Program The Nordic synchronous technique is formed by the subsystems of Norway, Sweden, Finland and East Denmark. The subsystem of West Denmark is a part of the CE block. The TSOs of these subsystems, Statnett from Norway, Svenska Krafn from Sweden, Fingrid from Finland and Energinet.dk from Denmark, have to cooperate following the terms on the Nordic Technique Operation Agreement (SOA) [29]. 4.four.1. Ancillary Services for Frequency Help The ancillary solutions for FS for the Nordic synchronous method are offered in [29]. Within the SOA prior to the adjustments made in 2019, the ancillary services for FS consisted of frequency-controlled regular operation reserve (FCR-N), frequency-controlled disturbance reserve (FCR-D), speedy and slow active disturbance reserves, fast active forecast and fast active counter-trading reserve. The very first two reserves fall below the definition for FCR, as well as the other reserves type the mFRR. The needs for the aFRR are now included in SOA. The updated SOA, specifically the Annex on Load-Frequency Handle and Reserves [30], consists of the updated definitions of these solutions following the guideline of ENTSO-E.Energies 2021, 14,7 of4.4.2. Procurement and Remuneration For East Denmark, Energinet.dk obtains the FCR in collaboration with all the Swedish TSO Svenska Krafn . The bids are collected within a p.
